Amalungu e-Auto ahlala ebhekisa kuwo onke amalungu kunye namacandelo ngaphandle kwesakhelo semoto. Phakathi kwazo, iinxalenye zibhekisela kwicandelo elinye elingenako ukwahlulwa. Ilungu yindibaniselwano yamalungu aphumeza isenzo (okanye umsebenzi). Ngophuhliso oluzinzileyo loqoqosho lwaseTshayina kunye nokuphucuka ngokuthe ngcembe kwenqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwabahlali, imfuno yezixhobo zemoto kwiimoto ezintsha iyanda.
Kwangaxeshanye, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kobunini bezithuthi e-China, imfuno yeendawo ezisecaleni kwi-aftermarket efana nokugcinwa kwemoto kunye nokuguqulwa kwesithuthi iya isanda ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye iimfuno zeendawo ezisecaleni ziya zinyuka ngokunyuka. Ishishini lamalungu eemoto laseTshayina lenze impumelelo entle kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
1. Iprofayile yoShishino: Ugutyulo olubanzi kunye neemveliso ezahlukeneyo.
Amalungu e-Auto ahlala ebhekisa kuwo onke amalungu kunye namacandelo ngaphandle kwesakhelo semoto. Phakathi kwazo, iinxalenye zibhekisela kwicandelo elinye elingenako ukwahlulwa. Iyunithi yindibaniselwano yamalungu aphumeza isenzo okanye umsebenzi. Ilungu linokuba yinxalenye enye okanye indibaniselwano yamalungu. Kule nhlanganisela, enye inxalenye iyona nto iphambili, eyenza isenzo esijoliswe kuyo (okanye umsebenzi), ngelixa ezinye iindawo zenza kuphela imisebenzi encedisayo yokujoyina, ukukhawuleza, ukukhokela, njl.
Imoto ngokubanzi yenziwe ngamalungu amane asisiseko: i-injini, i-chassis, umzimba kunye nezixhobo zombane. Ke ngoko, zonke iintlobo zeemveliso zokwahlulahlulwa kwamalungu emoto zithathwe kula macandelo amane asisiseko. Ngokobume bamacandelo kunye namacandelo, anokuthi ahlulwe abe yinkqubo ye-injini, inkqubo yamandla, inkqubo yokuhambisa, inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa, inkqubo ye-brake, inkqubo yombane kunye nezinye (izibonelelo eziqhelekileyo, izixhobo zokulayisha, njl.).
2. I-Panorama ye-industrial chain.
Amashishini anyukayo nasezantsi emizi-mveliso yeemoto ikakhulu abhekiselele kubonelelo lwawo olunxulumeneyo kunye nemveliso yemfuno. Umjelo osemantla wekhonkco lemizi-mveliso yeemoto ikakhulu ubandakanya iimarike ezibonelela ngezinto ezikrwada, kubandakanya intsimbi kunye nentsimbi, iintsimbi ezingenayo intsimbi, izinto zombane, iiplastiki, irabha, iinkuni, iglasi, iiseramikhi, ufele, njl.
Phakathi kwabo, imfuno enkulu yezinto ekrwada intsimbi kunye nentsimbi, isinyithi non-ayoni, izinto zombane, iplastiki, irabha, iglasi. Umlambo osezantsi uquka abavelisi beemoto, iivenkile ze-4S zeemoto, iivenkile zokulungisa iimoto, iinxalenye zemoto kunye nabavelisi bezixhobo kunye neefektri zokuguqulwa kweemoto, njl.
Impembelelo yokunyuka komsinga kwishishini lamalungu e-auto ikakhulu kwinkalo yeendleko. Ukutshintsha kwexabiso lezinto eziluhlaza (kubandakanywa intsimbi, i-aluminium, iplastiki, irabha, njl. njl.) ihambelana ngqo neendleko zokwenziwa kweemveliso zezixhobo zemoto. Impembelelo yomlambo osezantsi kumacandelo emoto ikakhulu kwimfuno yemarike kunye nokhuphiswano lwemarike.
3. Ukukhuthazwa komgaqo-nkqubo: Isicwangciso somgaqo-nkqubo sisoloko siphunyezwa ukukhuthaza ukukhula okunempilo koshishino.
Njengoko imoto nganye idinga malunga ne-10,000 yamacandelo e-auto, kwaye la macandelo abandakanyeka kumashishini kunye namasimi ahlukeneyo, kukho umsantsa omkhulu kwimigangatho yobugcisa, iindlela zokuvelisa kunye neminye imiba. Okwangoku, imigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe enxulumene nokuveliswa kwezixhobo zemoto isasazwa ikakhulu kwimigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe enxulumene noshishino lwezithuthi.
Lilonke, ilizwe likhuthaza uhlengahlengiso kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini leemoto laseTshayina, likhuthaza uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa komgangatho ophezulu, iimoto zohlobo oluzimeleyo ezizimeleyo, kunye nokugcina inkxaso enkulu yezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Ukukhutshwa kothotho lwemigaqo-nkqubo yoshishino lweemoto ngokungathandabuzekiyo kubeke phambili iimfuno eziphezulu kushishino lwamalungu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuze kukhuthazwe uphuhliso oluhle nolusempilweni lweshishini lezahlulo zeauto zaseTshayina, amasebe afanelekileyo aseTshayina akhuphe izicwangciso zophuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo onxulumene noshishino kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe, uphuculo lweemveliso zemoto lukhula ngokukhawuleza mihla le, nto leyo ifuna ukuba ishishini lamalungu eemoto likhawulezise ukusungula izinto ezintsha zobugcisa, ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezifunwa yimarike; Kungenjalo, iya kujongana nengxaki engadibaniyo yobonelelo kunye nemfuno, ekhokelela kukungalingani kwesakhiwo kunye nokusilela kwemveliso.
4. Imeko yangoku yobungakanani bemarike: Ingeniso evela kwishishini eliphambili iyaqhubeka nokukhula.
Imveliso entsha yemoto yaseTshayina ibonelela ngesithuba sophuhliso lophuhliso lweendawo ezintsha zemoto zaseTshayina ezixhasa imarike, ngelixa inani elonyukayo lezithuthi, ukugcinwa kwezithuthi kunye nemfuno yokulungiswa kwemoto nalo liyakhula, likhuthaza ukwanda okuqhubekayo kweshishini lezahlulo zemoto zaseTshayina. Ngo-2019, phantsi kweempembelelo zezinto ezinjengokwehla kwentengiso yemoto iyonke, ukwehla kwenkxaso-mali yezithuthi zamandla amatsha, kunye nokunyuka kancinci kwemigangatho yokukhupha, iinkampani zamacandelo zijongene noxinzelelo olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini lokwenziwa kwezixhobo zeauto laseTshayina lisabonisa ukukhula okuthe gqolo. Ngokwezibalo ze-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers kumashishini angama-13,750 amacandelo emoto ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo, ingeniso eqokelelweyo yeshishini labo eliphambili ifikelele kwi-3.6 yetriliyoni ye-yuan, inyuke nge-0.35% ngonyaka. Ngokoqikelelo lokuqala, ingeniso yeshishini eliphambili kwishishini lemizi-mveliso yemoto yaseTshayina ngo-2020 iya kuba malunga ne-3.74 yetriliyoni yeyuan.
Phawula
1. Idatha yezinga lokukhula konyaka nonyaka iyahluka unyaka nonyaka ngenxa yotshintsho kwinani lamashishini ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo. Idatha yonyaka-ngonyaka yiyo yonke idatha yemveliso yamashishini ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo ngonyaka omnye.
2. Idatha ka-2020 yidatha yokubala yokuqala kwaye yenzelwe ireferensi kuphela.
Indlela yoPhuhliso: I-automotive aftermarket ibe yindawo enkulu yokukhula.
Bephenjelelwa ngumkhwa womgaqo-nkqubo “wokutshintsha iimoto kunye namalungu alula”, amashishini eemoto zase China kudala ejongene nengxaki yokudilizwa kwetekhnoloji. Inani elikhulu lababoneleli beemoto ezincinci kunye naphakathi banomgca wemveliso omnye, umxholo weteknoloji ephantsi kunye nokukwazi ukuxhathisa imingcipheko yangaphandle. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukunyuka kweendleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nabasebenzi kwenza ukuba umda wengeniso yamashishini eemoto uguquguquke kwaye utyibilike.
"Isicwangciso soPhuhliso sexesha eliphakathi kunye nexesha elide loShishino lweemoto" lubonisa ukuba ukulima abaxhasi beenxalenye ezinokhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukwenza inkqubo epheleleyo yoshishino ukusuka kwiindawo ukuya kwizithuthi. Ngo-2020, inani lamaqela amashishini anee-auto parts anomlinganiselo ongaphezulu kwe-100 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ayakusekwa; Ngo-2025, amaqela amashishini aliqela eemoto aya kuthi asekwe kwabalishumi abaphezulu kwihlabathi.
Kwixesha elizayo, phantsi kwenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo, amashishini amacandelo e-auto aseChina aya kuphucula ngokuthe ngcembe inqanaba lobugcisa kunye nobuchule bokuqamba izinto ezintsha, bubambe ubuchwephesha obuphambili bamacandelo aphambili; Ngokuqhutywa luphuhliso lwamashishini azimeleyo eemoto zohlobo, amashishini angaphakathi aya kwandisa kancinci kancinci isabelo sawo sentengiso, kwaye umyinge wamashishini angaphandle okanye adibeneyo uya kuhla.
Ngelo xesha, i-China ijolise ekwenzeni inani lamaqela aphezulu e-auto 10 kwihlabathi ngo-2025. Ukudibanisa kwishishini kuya kwanda, kwaye izixhobo ziya kugxininiswa kumashishini amakhulu. Njengoko imveliso yeauto kunye nokuthengisa kufikelela kwisilingi, uphuhliso lwamalungu emoto kwindawo yezixhobo zemoto entsha lulinganiselwe, kwaye imarike enkulu emva kokuthengisa iya kuba yenye yeendawo zokukhula kwishishini leemoto.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-23-2022
